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- <text id=91TT2408>
- <title>
- Oct. 28, 1991: The Art Of Memory
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1991
- Oct. 28, 1991 Ollie North:"Reagan Knew Everything"
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- BOOKS, Page 95
- The Art Of Memory
- </hdr><body>
- <p>By Howard G. Chua-Eoan
- </p>
- <qt>
- <l>WILD SWANS: THREE DAUGHTERS OF CHINA</l>
- <l>By Jung Chang</l>
- <l>Simon & Schuster; 524 pages; $25</l>
- </qt>
- <p> From generation to generation, families wander through
- clouds of shared images, miasmas of memory, occlusions of oral
- remembrances. What is recalled of clan history is imprecise,
- simply because the stories take on shapes imposed by each
- teller. Sometimes, however, a family will be lucky, and an aunt,
- an uncle or a cousin will be able to re-create the past with a
- precision that makes the narrative virtually incontestable, a
- true copy of what has gone before. That is the nature of Jung
- Chang's mesmerizing memoir. With a calm that suggests
- infallibility, she tells the story of her mother and her
- maternal grandmother and, by doing so, makes visible, intimate
- and immediate the pain and horror that are cloaked in the
- silence of China's recent history.
- </p>
- <p> For a people who pride themselves over three millenniums
- of civilization, the Chinese have perfected the art of
- forgetting. Mao Zedong once said he wanted the Chinese people
- to be a blank sheet of paper on which he could write anything
- he pleased. Throughout history, the Chinese have often obliged
- their rulers by volunteering to be such tabulae rasae. "Yes,
- that was a bad spell." "Yes, we suffered much." "No, let us not
- talk about it." The responses are the same, whether the period
- involved is the civil war between the Communists and the
- Nationalists that embroiled the country in the '30s and '40s,
- or the epic struggle against Japanese invaders, or the chaotic
- Cultural Revolution. Notions of the past exist, but when tales
- are told they are often without context. Exotic ancestresses
- mince through the background on bound feet; pig-tailed
- great-grandfathers take to ship for lands of greater promise.
- What was it that they fled?
- </p>
- <p> Chang does not attempt complicated sociological
- explanations. She simply tells stories and anecdotes, in
- straight chronological order, with little contrivance, providing
- real-life fables as open-ended answers to the puzzles of 20th
- century China. All this takes the form of a spectacular
- adventure traced from Chang's 19th century great-grandmother,
- who was born and given no name, to her grandmother, who was
- bartered into concubinage in exchange for a government position,
- to her mother, who was too smart and too pragmatic to be
- considered a good Communist by the party.
- </p>
- <p> Wild Swans is not entirely Chang's story, but she makes it
- so. By beginning long before she was born, her voice becomes
- that of her grandmother and mother, before finally becoming her
- own. One can almost hear the older women whispering in her ear,
- telling Chang exactly what their lives were like. And so the
- narrative becomes that of one woman evolving through China's
- tumultuous past century, surviving war, famine, the conscious
- and unconscious cruelties of parents and the vicissitudes
- brought on by uncontrollable political forces.
- </p>
- <p> While the women are impressive, one of the finest and most
- tragic images in Chang's book is that of her father, a
- self-sacrificing Communist official who denied his family party
- privileges as his part in an attempt to establish egalitarianism
- in the country. (At one point Chang's mother complained to him,
- "You are a good Communist but a rotten husband!" Her father only
- nodded, saying he knew.) He is swept away by the Cultural
- Revolution. But not before one supreme act of courage. Asked to
- praise so-called good officials by writing an adulatory wall
- poster, Chang's father refused--even with the threat of
- beatings from Maoist thugs. His wife pleaded, "What is a poster
- compared to a life?" He answered, "I will not sell my soul."
- </p>
- <p> Taken in pieces, Chang's narrative can be prosaic. But in
- its entirety, the author achieves a Dickensian tone with
- detailed portraits and intimate remembrances, with colorful
- minor characters and intricate yet fascinating side plots. There
- is a Chinese art of forgetting. Wild Swans is proof that there
- is an art of memory as well.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
-
-